Troy is a Ciriacy-Wantrup post-doctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley. He obtained his PhD from New York University and Masters' degrees from NYU, St Andrews, and Oxford, and has held research fellowships at the University of Copenhagen, the European University Institute, and Harvard University. Together with Drew Pendergrass, Troy co-authored the manifesto Half-Earth Socialism (Verso, 2022), which has been discussed in Jewish Currents, New Statesman, le Monde, and the Ecologist, as well as being translated into Swedish, Italian, Thai, Korean, and Spanish. He also helped design a video game based on the book. He is currently writing a monograph on neoliberal environmental thought and editing a volume on Marxist animal studies. Troy's popular writing has appeared in n+1, the Guardian, Jacobin, Boston Review, and Bookforum.

At THE NEW INSTITUTE, Troy is involved in the Beyond Capitalism: War Economy and Democratic Planning program in the Academic Year 2024/25.